Macroeconomics vs. Microeconomics free essay sample

hese are two branches or rather methods of exposition of the science of economics. The distinction between them can best be explained by comparing their main features. As the terms suggest, macroeconomics deals with the market on a large-scale and its aggregate problems, while microeconomics concerns markets on a small-scale and individual aspects of the problems. There are six distinct aspects of the two approaches that are shown as in the following table: Microeconomics Macroeconomics (a) Units of the study Individual consumers, producers workers, traders, etc. Aggregate units such as state National or International economy. (b) Activities Optimization and maximization of personal gains and profits. Long term growth, maintenance of high levels of production and employment. (c) Origin Micro activities emerge on the demand side of consumer’s choices. Problems of long-term growth depend upon the supply of productive resources (d) Conditions This approach is functional under static conditions and small time intervals. We will write a custom essay sample on Macroeconomics vs. Microeconomics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This approach is functional under dynamic conditions and complex long run changes. (e) Methods It is concerned with small adjustments, for which the application of a marginal method is suitable. It deals with complex, dynamic changes inviting the use of advanced mathematical techniques. (f) Levels Micro adjustments in resource A allocation are made in response to changes in relative prices of goods and services. The aggregate level of income or total economic activities is considered to be constant. Macro approach attempts to find the conditions of long-term expansions in output as a whole, assuming relative prices as constant (or significant). This distinction between micro and macroeconomics as presented above is only a matter of theoretical convenience. The two approaches are complementary and not competitive; one cannot consider these to be watertight compartments

buy custom Therapeutic Recreation essay

buy custom Therapeutic Recreation essay Therapeutic recreation involves the provision of both Treatment Services and Recreation Services to people suffering from illness and those who have conditions that are disabling. The primary purposes of such treatment and therapy are to remediate, restore or rehabilitate so as to improve independence and functioning and as well as eliminate or reduce the effects of the disability or illness. It provides recreational opportunity and resources that aim at improving the well being and health of the patients. Recreation therapist are trained and certified. They must also be registered and certified in order to practice therapeutic recreation. By using education treatment and recreation services, therapeutic recreation helps persons with disabilities, illness and other medical conditions to use and develop the activities they do for leisure to improve their functional abilities, independence, health and the quality of lives they live. This specialized area in the recreation field focuses mainly on providing either leisure and recreational services or preventive measures to avoid developing further complications or disabilities. The services may be provided in community or clinical setting. The goal is to ensure the participation of the client and be able to adopt a healthy and balanced leisure lifestyle. Therapeutic recreation usually involve the assessment of the client, formulation of necessary treatment plans that will accurately and effectively the areas of intervention, implementation of developed treatment plan, documentation of the clients progress on regular basis and evaluation of the effectiveness of the interventions being implemented. Recreational Therapists use leisure activities, recreational activities, art, drama, movement, music, writing and verbal processes as tools help facilitate their clients healing and growth. This enables the clients to acquire and develop their knowledge, skills and behav iors allowing them to optimize on their leisure activities, be independently functional with least or no assistance as possible. This will then enable them to fully participate in the normal society. Therapeutic Recreation Settings Therapeutic recreation is offered in different areas depending of their proximity to the individual and the specialty of the interventions being implemented on the individual. There are various setting to choose from. Hospitals are the main and the most specialized and equipped of the centers. They have highly trained therapist with enormous experience and knowledge. They deal with critical and more demanding situations. The services are both available in public and private hospitals. The second area where one can find therapeutic recreation are the inpatient rehabilitation centre. Like hospitals these are also very well equipped and have skilled professionals. These centers have boarding facilities with required number of bed spaces. Most of them are specialized to deal with just specific illness or disabilities. Inpatient rehabilitation centers are mainly setup and funded by the governments. However there are few of these rehabilitations centers that are privately owned (Carter, 20 11). Patients with situations that are not very serious are usually treated on a day time basis. These patients stay at there homes but will meet regularly with their therapist in outpatient health car. They are to be brought in by their relatives, friends and are sometimes even picked from home with the organizations vehicles. The outpatients are preferred by many people as it still gives the patients the love of the family and also is comfortable compared using inpatient rehabilitation facilities. They are also relatively each and can be afforded by many. Adult and youth correctional facilities are also used to offer therapeutic recreation to their members. Because of the difficult situation most in mates live in they are prone to illness especially those caused by stress and also some of them either get disabled in there by other inmate or get behind the bars when they are already disabled. Therapeutic recreation is provided to these persons to help them adjust to the new environment. Older adults who are generally too old to walk long distances are provided with residential facilities. The experts visit them regularly and help them to turn their leisure activities into ways these old members of the societies can improve both their health and also increase their independence from their relatives. This is done to ensure that the old live in comfortable live and do not require much attention from the other family members living them with adequate time to involve in economic activities. Other places where therapeutic recreation is done are the schools, day programs fro the elderly and community based agencies. Day program is open to the elderly with or without disability or illness. The community based agencies however deal mainly with persons with disabilities. Clients Served Therapeutic facilities cater for a wide range of problems among people. Physical disabilities (both in adults and children) can be a major problem to them and also a source of discomfort to their normal daily activities. These people with disabilities live difficult life as they are not able to access the normal facilities available to every one. The main disabilities are blindness, non functional limbs or amputated limps after an accident or diseases like cancer. Mental illness also requires therapeutic recreation. People with these problems are very critical because if they are not handled carefully their problem may develop and leads to the insanity of the individual. Mental illness may result from various situations like long sickness, stress, depressions like death of a loved one and also from accidentals blows of the head of and individual. Diseases that affect nervous system will lead to mental illness easily. Therapeutic recreation is also given to individuals with intellectual and development disabilities. These are people who do not act normally as expected of people of that age. This is due to slow or incomplete development of their brain. The patient will usually have problems relating to other members of the society who most of the times discriminate against them. Other members of the society that will need therapeutic recreation services are youths that are at risk of being badly influence by their peers, both juvenile and adult offenders, the elderly people with limitations, persons who frequently have emotions problems, all the elderly receiving long term care and persons with alcohol and other substance abuse problems. Roles and Responsibilities of aRecreation Therapist Conducting assessment on the clients situation is their first and very important duty.. They carry out the assessment to determine the exact condition of the patients. This will determine whether the situation is very critical or it is still a beginning problem. Very critical situation will be dealt for quickly to avoid further endangering of the patients life. Their second responsibility is to develop, implement and evaluate the implemented the intervention plans. Intervention plans are those ways the therapist will use to solve the patients problems. This are developed to fit each situation with references to former success in similar problems. The therapist usually takes this serious as wrong intervention plan will mean time wastage and further enhancement of the problem. Being a professional the therapist is responsible for any wrong decision he makes. After assessing the patient the therapist will then provide a functional intervention program whether it involves pet therapy, horticulture therapy, aquatic therapy and adventure challenge therapy. The therapist also oversees and facilitates the leisure or recreation education program. He or she will ensure that the plan is implemented to the letter and necessary changes made as any new situation arises. He or she will continue to assess the patient to see if the method is succeeding. This will also involve him documenting the entire patients condition on a chart and analyze them frequently (Robertson, 2008). Therapists also conduct research on the effectiveness of various intervention plans used as part of therapeutic recreation. Being the people on the ground, they are capable of getting very accurate data and with little effort. These finding can then be sued to find out successful intervention methods and on what condition. They will then serve as future reference base when determining intervention plans for similar or closer cases in the future. Most corrective centers, and also schools, have therapists on their interdisciplinary teams. They serve the as counsel and guidance and are involved in correct behaviors of the people who are believed to beyond the normal corrective systems. They also give advice to the committee on how certain inmates or students can be handled to avoid their further rebel to the authority. Therapists are also involved in advocating for the profession and encouraging more people to enter the profession. Costs of therapeutic recreation Therapeutic method is a relatively expensive way to of treatment to patients. It involves a program that runs for long and in some cases will even go all the remaining life of the patient. The process also involves more direct contact of the therapist and the patient which means that payment are higher. Because of this governments offer subsidized rates in their facilities and also provide food for those in inpatient care. Government also introduced the system into various departments like education and corrective centers to problems are dealt with early to avoid expensive method being used. Conclusion With continued rise in health and disability problems that tend to alienate the victims from the society, therapeutic recreation has been a success and is still the fundamental way to deal with the problems. Therapist are now more involved in trying to avoid situations that can easily be prevented from arising rather than waiting to tackle the situation. This has increased the success of therapeutic recreation. Buy custom Therapeutic Recreation essay

Issues Concerning Economic Inequalities in America Term Paper

Issues Concerning Economic Inequalities in America - Term Paper Example Medina, John, The genetic inferno: inside the seven deadly sins, Cambridge University Press, 2000. Print. His essay apparently provides a lot of parameters that promote greed but does not seem to provide any scientific grounding on why this happens in any society. The element that may support this outlook can be seen from the fact that no real scientific evidence has been established as to why a particular individual, a group, society or even animals succumb to this concept of greed. John Medina, in his book ‘The genetic inferno: inside the seven deadly sins’ specifically focuses on the aspects of greed and the resulting avarice. â€Å"The problem is that no one has ever found a gene for avarice in human beings. No one has ever found a region in the human brain exclusively devoted to greed for that matter† (Medina. 110). Medina is a molecular biologist and hence considered for this paper as an eminently qualified person to provide opinions and suggestions on the t opic under study. The book is published by the Cambridge University Press and one that has an established reputation. The only negative factor seen in the text is that no peer-reviewed work in the book. But even so, the author with his qualifications and the backing of the Oxford University can be seen as a valuable source of secondary literature regarding this study. The lack of scientific evidence as to what constitutes greed has been established in the book. Edney, in his essay also does not purport any claim in this regard.

What Role do Midwives Play in Supporting and Advising Women about the Research Paper

What Role do Midwives Play in Supporting and Advising Women about the Risk of Smoking During Pregnancy - Research Paper Example Though it is supposed that the role of midwives is limited to childbirth but this modern world has changed the role and responsibilities of midwives all over the UK. For instance, many of the midwives are now actively playing their role in health promotion. In fact, midwives are now taking health promotion more seriously as along with managing ill health and disease they also inform women about the ways to keep them healthy. Though the midwife has always been playing an important role in public health now it is important for them to divert their attention to teenage pregnancy, drug awareness, domestic violence and smoking cessation (Beldon et al, 2005). Here, you can easily see that the role of midwives is quite extensive but the help these midwives provide pertaining to smoking recession is remarkable. It is well-known fact that smoking is injurious to health and no one can deny this reality. But, the health implications of smoking can be even critical during the pregnancy. The worst thing is that smoking can not only hurt pregnant women but it is also perilous to the health of the unborn baby. Actually, it is said that baby smokes when a pregnant woman does that. As she inhales carbon monoxide and nicotine during smoking, the growing baby suffers as these substances are nothing less than poison. It doesn’t allow a baby to get enough oxygen or food. Smoking for pregnant women increases the chance of miscarriage. In addition to this, the chances of a baby coming into this world too soon will also be there. In this situation, the weight of a baby will always be on the lower side, giving rise to a lot of health issues. For these children, it becomes difficult to stay away from asthma or lung problem as they grow old (Smoking During Pregnancy). These are few of the issues associated with the smoking during pregnancy but it is a fact that lots of women don’t become able to quit smoking during pregnancy, even if they want to do so.  Ã‚  

Topic Assignment-Psychology Essay Example for Free

Topic Assignment-Psychology Essay Assignment Topic: Intellectual Disability State: An IQ test is used for several reasons, even to determine if an individual ha intellectual disability. Intellectual disability (also known as mental retardation), is a condition in which a persons behavioral and cognitive skills exist at an earlier development stage, developmentally delayed. Elaborate: In other words, there are individuals that are taking longer to develop. They are developmentally delayed, meaning that their behavioral and cognitive skills exit at an earlier developmental stage than the skills of others who are the same hronological age. Without all the technical terms, basically these individuals have a harder time to develop and get involve in things any other individual would do, because they depend on someone else and most of the time they cannot live independently. To determine who has intellectual disability they must have an IQ lower than 70, adaptive behavior skills are low, and limitations presented by age 10. Exemplify: For example, when we were all in high school there were a few students who had their specials needs. They received the same opportunities as us, but also ould have their own special class to help them out with their disabilities. Most of the individuals had a staff with them at all times because they were not able to do things on their own. Illustrate: part 2: Partner 1 Name: I learned from about Ideal Self. Ideal Self is basically when someone is influenced by someone else and they try to become them. His example was perfect on how children see an athlete and they want to become Just like them because of how good they are, according to the child. I mentioned to about a different example on how I saw it. Children like superheroes when they are young and IVe seen this frequently when a child wants to become Spiderman, Batman, etc Partner 2 Name: I learned from about the Latency stage. He explains to me that this stage is when children dont pay attention to opposite sex. Once he said that I thought about when I was young we used to say boys had cooties and girls had cooties. In the end that is what meant. His example made me laugh but it is true, when they are young they dont getting touched by the opposite sex. Topic Assignment-Psychology By eli_shorty

Agent Orange Essay -- essays research papers fc

Agent Orange: The Pesticide   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Agent orange was a mixture of herbicides that the U.S. forces sprayed in Vietnam during the Vietnam War. Through many studies, scientists found that any exposure to Agent Orange may cause cancer. Hamilton Jordan feels that he may have been exposed to Agent Orange while he was in Vietnam. He developed cancer, and felt that Agent Orange contributed to this cancer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Agent orange was the chemical that was dropped over Vietnam in the late 1960’s. It was not until the 1970’s that the use of Agent Orange finally ceased. These chemicals were used for two general purposes; one of these was to kill the plants and trees in the jungle to uncover the North Vietnamese armies. The jungles of Vietnam were very thick, so the armies could not be seen from an aerial view. The Americans tried to eliminate this element of surprise attack by destroying the jungles. Another reason Agent Orange was used, was to destroy the enemy’s food supplies. Agent orange was potent enough to contaminate all the farmland of the North Vietnamese. The Americans figured that if they could destroy the enemy’s food supply, then the war would not last very long. Agent orange was a dangerous chemical mixed together to create a different kind of weapon and means of attack for the Americans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hamilton Jordan was the author of the book, No Such Thing as a Bad Day. In his book he tells of his experiences in...

Rhetorical Essay: the Market for a Yale Women’s Eggs

Mathew Rios, Alberto Rosado 9/10/12 Jessica Cohen’s â€Å"The Market for a Yale Women’s Eggs† first appeared in the New Journal in 2001. In this essay Jessica talks about her experience trying to be an egg donor. With narration of her experience and the research she did on the topic, Jessica writes an interesting informal essay. As a child Jessica used to read â€Å"Where did I come from? † but now it’s out of date replaced by â€Å"Mommy Did I Grow in Your Tummy? : Where Some Babies Come From† This shows the changing ways of baby conception.She informs the reader that the infertility industry is a $2 Billion a year industry. It shows how many people actually do this type of thing a year. Jessica informs the reader about this to show how often this occurs. Not only does Jessica tell the reader about egg donations but also her own experience on the subject. This particular anecdote shows how business like people can be when discussing the conc eption of their baby. â€Å"Can you tell me about your academic performance? What are you taking at Yale?What high school did you attend? † Jessica compared David and Michelle (the couple who had sent out the ad) to a modern day Darwinist. Jessica began to have second thoughts because â€Å"It would lead to the creation of a child with to many expectations† She did not have to worry because she was not accepted as the donor. Jessica ends the essay with a scenario where the adult is trying to explain to them how hard they worked. The child would turn to them and utter the same parting words. The parents said to her â€Å"ho-hum†